On Feb. 1, 2011, the Hinode satellite captured this breathtaking image of a coronal hole, seen in the top center of the image. A polar coronal hole can also be seen at the bottom of the image.
A coronal hole is an opening in the sun’s magnetic field through which gas can easily escape into space. The holes are relatively cool in temperature as compared to the active regions nearby – such as the bright region on the lower left portion of the solar disk – the cooler temperature is one of the reasons for the darker appearance. Hinode, a Japanese mission in partnership with NASA, NAOJ, STFC, ESA, and NSC, currently in Earth orbit, is studying the sun to improve our understanding of the mechanisms that power the solar atmosphere and drive solar eruptions.
Image credit: Hinode/XRT