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ESC Resources

NASA’s Exploration and Space Communications (ESC) resources page showcases features, web articles, technical papers, activities, and more.

Bringing Technology to Space

NASA’s Exploration and Space Communications (ESC) projects division provides full-coverage communications and navigation services, as well as cross-cutting technical expertise to move NASA into the future. These services are critical to returning ground-breaking scientific data to Earth where it can be used for the benefit of humanity.

Near Space Network Technical PapersPublication Date
NASA Leveraging Commercial Communication Ground Stations for Small SatellitesAug. 2021
Battery Health Quantification for TDRS Spacecraft by Using Signature Discriminability MeasurementMarch 2020
Utilization of Unsupervised Anomalies Detector as a Tool for Managing the TDRS Constellation at GSFCOct. 2019
Polar Coding For Forward Error Correction In Space Communications With LDPC ComparisonsOct. 2019
NASA Near Earth Network (NEN) DVB-S2 Demonstration Testing for Enhancing Data Rates for CubeSat/SmallSat MissionsAug. 2019
Space Communications and NavigationAug. 2019
Investigation into New Ground Based Communications Service Offerings in Response to SmallSat TrendsSept. 2018
Streamlining Ground Station Network Compatibility Test for Small SatellitesJune 2018
Commissioning of NASA’s 3rd Generation Tracking and Data Relay Satellites (TDRS KLM)June 2018
NASA Space Network Project Operations Management: Past, Present and Future for the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite ConstellationJune 2018
NASA’s Launch Communications Ground Segment for the 21st Century Florida SpaceportJune 2018
Space Mobile Network Concepts for Missions Beyond Low Earth OrbitJune 2018
Space Mobile Network (SMN) User Demonstration Satellite (SUDS) for a Practical On-Orbit Demonstration of User Initiated Services (UIS)May 2018
Payload Performance of TDRS KL and Future ServicesOct. 2017
Preliminary Results from a Model-Driven Architecture Methodology for Development of an Event-Driven Space Communications Service ConceptOct. 2017
NASA Near Earth Network (NEN) Support for Lunar and L1/L2 CubeSatsJuly 2017
Advances in Ka-Band Communication System for CubeSats and SmallSatsAug. 2016
An Optimum Space-to-Ground Communication Concept for CubeSat Platform Utilizing NASA Space Network and Near Earth NetworkJune 2016
TDRSS Augmentation System for SatellitesMay 2016
NASA Near Earth Network (NEN) and Space Network (SN) CubeSat CommunicationsApril 2016
Space Mobile Network: A Near Earth Communications and Navigation ArchitectureMarch 2016
Applying a Space-Based Security Recovery Scheme for Critical Homeland Security Cyberinfrastructure Utilizing the NASA Tracking and Data Relay (TDRS) Based Space NetworkDec. 2015
X-Band CubeSat Communication System DemonstrationAug. 2015
Innovative Approach Enabled the Retirement of TDRS-1 Compliant with NASA Orbital Debris RequirementsAug. 2013
Attitude Control and Orbital Dynamics Challenges of Removing the First 3-Axis Stabilized Tracking and Data Relay Satellite from the Geosynchronous ARCAug. 2013
LCRD Technical PapersPublication Date
Completion of NASA’s Two-Year Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) Experiment ProgramSept. 2024
Insights and Observations from Operating a Geostationary Laser Communication Relay Mission: Operational Lessons from NASA’s Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) and Associated Optical Ground Stations (OGSs)Aug. 2024
NASA’s Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) Experiment Program: Characterization and Initial OperationsDec. 2023
Laser Communications Relay Demonstration Optimetrics ExperimentOct. 2023
Laser Communications Relay Demonstration: Experiments With Delay Tolerant NetworkingSept. 2023
Early Results from NASA’s Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) Experiment ProgramJan. 2023
Optical Communications Systems for NASA’s Human Space Flight MissionsOct. 2018
Disruption Tolerant Networking to Demonstrate Internet in SpaceJuly 2018
Update on NASA’s Laser Communications Relay Demonstration ProjectJune 2018
Latest Changes to NASA’s Laser Communication Relay Demonstration ProjectMarch 2018
The Laser Communications Relay Demonstration Experiment ProgramOct. 2017
Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) Update and the Path Towards Optical Relay OperationsMarch 2017
LCRNS Technical PapersPublication Date
NASA’s Lunar Communications Relay and Navigation Systems (LCRNS)May 2025
Onboard Processing for LunaNet Data ServicesOct. 2024
NASA Lunar Communications Relay and Navigation Systems (LCRNS) Reference Constellation 3.1Oct. 2024
Testset for Cis-Lunar Communications and NavigationOct. 2024
Autonomous Navigation of a Lunar Relay Using GNSS and Other MeasurementsSept. 2024
Moon-to-Mars Architecture Definition Document (ESDMD-001)April 2023
LunaNet Interoperability Specification (LNIS V4)Dec. 2022
Lunar Relay Services Requirements Document (SRD)Dec. 2022
O2O Technical PapersPublication Date
Design and Performance of a 40W Uplink Laser Transmitter for NASA’s O2O Laser Communications MissionJan. 2025
Design and Performance of a Multi-mode Photon-counting Receiver for the NASA Orion Artemis II Optical Communications System (O2O)Nov. 2023
Space-to-Ground Optical Interface Verification for the Orion Artemis II Optical (O2O) Communications DemonstrationOct. 2023
Design and Performance of a Multi-mode Photon-counting Receiver for the NASA O2O MissionJuly 2023
Space-to-Ground Optical Interface Verification for the Orion Artemis II Optical (O2O) Communications DemonstrationMay 2023
Optical Communications Operations Concept for the Artemis II Crewed Mission to the MoonJan. 2023
Ground Segment Operations Concept for the Orion Artemis-2 Optical Communications SystemMarch 2021
NASA’s Next Generation ≥100 Gbps Optical Communications RelayMarch 2019
Optical Communications Systems for NASA’s Human Space Flight MissionsOct. 2018
Navigation Technical PapersPublication Date
Autonomous Navigation of a Lunar Relay Using GNSS and Other MeasurementsSept. 2024
Autonomous Navigation, Guidance, and Control Software in a Low SWaP BoxJan. 2024
Defining a Global Lunar Position, Navigation, and Timing SystemJuly 2023
Interoperable Services to Mitigate Lunar Position, Navigation, and Timing ChallengesAugust 2022
New Frontiers in Space Use of GNSS: Moon and BeyondSept. 2019
GPS Based Autonomous Navigation Study for the Lunar GatewayApril 2019
Space User Visibility Benefits of the Multi-GNSS Space Service Volume: An Internationally-Coordinated, Global and Mission-Specific AnalysisOct. 2018
The Multi-GNSS Space Service VolumeOct. 2018
Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Flight Dynamics Commissioning Results and ExperiencesOct. 2018
GPS Operations in High Earth Orbit: Recent Experiences and Future OpportunitiesJune 2018
Exploring the Limits of High Altitude GPS for Future Lunar MissionsFebruary 2018
Sextant X-Ray Pulsar Navigation Demonstration: Initial On-Orbit ResultsFebruary 2018
Navigation Architecture for a Space Mobile NetworkFebruary 2016
Search and Rescue Technical PapersPublication Date
Lunar Search & Rescue Applications of Lunar GNSSOct. 2021
Taking the Search Out of Search and Rescue: How NASA Is Improving Finding People in DistressJuly 2019
Emergency Locator Transmitter Survivability and Reliability StudyFebruary 2017
TEMPO Technical PapersPublication Date
Towards LunaNet Lunar Augmented Navigation Service (LANS) Interoperability Demonstration and MonitoringMarch 2025
Onboard Processing for LunaNet Data ServicesMarch 2025
Flexible Data and Frame Synchronization Structure for the LunaNet PNT SignalApril 2024
Lunanet Position, Navigation, and Timing Services and Signals, Enabling the Future of Lunar ExplorationSept. 2023
LunaNet: A Flexible and Extensible Lunar Exploration Communications and Navigation Infrastructure and the Inclusion of SmallSat PlatformsJune 2020
LunaNet: a Flexible and Extensible Lunar Exploration Communications and Navigation InfrastructureMarch 2020
Optical Communications Feasibility Study for Science Mission Located at Sun-Earth Lagrange Point L2Oct. 2019
Securing and Auto-Synchronizing Communication over Free-Space Optics Using Quantum Key Distribution and Chaotic SystemsJanuary 2019