This week in 1964, NASA launched the first Saturn I, Block II—designated SA-5—from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. The fifth Saturn I launch, SA-5 marked several firsts for the Saturn development program, including the first flight of a live second, or S-IV, stage with a cluster of six liquid hydrogen-fueled RL-10 engines, the first successful second stage separation and the first use of Launch Complex 37. More than 11,000 measurements were taken. The Saturn I rocket was built at the Fabrication and Assembly Engineering Division at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center. Today, Marshall is playing a vital role in the Artemis program by developing the SLS, the backbone of NASA’s exploration plans and the only rocket capable of sending humans to the Moon and Mars. The NASA History Program is responsible for generating, disseminating and preserving NASA’s remarkable history and providing a comprehensive understanding of the institutional, cultural, social, political, economic, technological and scientific aspects of NASA’s activities in aeronautics and space.